Petr Svobodný:
Lékařské fakulty, nebo lékařské akademie? Vysokoškolská výuka medicíny a lékařská věda v sovětském bloku ve 40. až 60. letech 20. století

Abstract

Medical Faculties, or Medical Academies? University training in medicine and medical science in the Soviet Block in the 1940s to 1960s

In post-war Czechoslovakia, the organisation of public healthcare and healthcare’s institutions – or rather their reorganisations and reforms – were closely linked to problems and new challenges in organising the academic education in medicine and medical science. Reforms in this area, both those merely planned and those which were implemented, were seen as one of the basic starting points of healthcare reforms whose aim was to improve the healthcare and health of the population. Similar trends were at that time in evidence in other countries of the then forming Soviet Bloc. In the early 1950s, medical faculties were in some countries of the Soviet Bloc (Poland, Hungary) removed from the structure of traditional universities and transformed into medical academies. These medical academies (in the sense of universities) were supposed to take over the existing functions of academic faculties of medicine and provide teaching, research (to some degree), and in close collaboration with clinical institutions curative medicine, but newly also preventive care. In other countries (Czechoslovakia, GDR), medical faculties remained part of both the traditional and newly established universities, though their transformation into medical academies had also been discussed.

Language: czech

Keywords: medical education and research; traditions; reforms; Soviet Block; Czechoslovakia